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Multiplication tables

The 1 to 12 tables in random order, with answer keys.

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Multiplication Tables

  1. 1.9×2=
  2. 2.11×7=
  3. 3.8×3=
  4. 4.4×1=
  5. 5.12×2=
  6. 6.1×6=
  7. 7.12×6=
  8. 8.8×9=
  9. 9.5×8=
  10. 10.11×3=
  11. 11.9×1=
  12. 12.2×5=
  13. 13.1×5=
  14. 14.10×9=
  15. 15.4×9=
  16. 16.11×4=
  17. 17.5×6=
  18. 18.4×12=
  19. 19.6×9=
  20. 20.11×5=

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Multiplication Tables, Answer Key

  1. 1.9×2=18
  2. 2.11×7=77
  3. 3.8×3=24
  4. 4.4×1=4
  5. 5.12×2=24
  6. 6.1×6=6
  7. 7.12×6=72
  8. 8.8×9=72
  9. 9.5×8=40
  10. 10.11×3=33
  11. 11.9×1=9
  12. 12.2×5=10
  13. 13.1×5=5
  14. 14.10×9=90
  15. 15.4×9=36
  16. 16.11×4=44
  17. 17.5×6=30
  18. 18.4×12=48
  19. 19.6×9=54
  20. 20.11×5=55

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Or take one that is already made

Four sheets in three lengths, 20, 50 and 100 problems. Every one is a two-page PDF, the worksheet, then the answer key on its own page.

Multiplication tables math worksheet printable, warm up: 20 problemsMultiplication tables math worksheet, warm up20 problemsDownload PDF ↓Multiplication tables math worksheet printable, everyday: 50 problemsMultiplication tables math worksheet, everyday50 problemsDownload PDF ↓Multiplication tables math worksheet printable, timed test: 100 problemsMultiplication tables math worksheet, timed test100 problemsDownload PDF ↓Multiplication tables math worksheet printable, second set: 50 problemsMultiplication tables math worksheet, second set50 problemsDownload PDF ↓

Every sheet here is free to print as often as you like. If one saved you time, the tip jar is on Ko-fi.

The times tables are the clearest case in elementary math where automatic recall matters more than method. A child who has to work out 7 × 8 has spent their attention on it and has none left for the long multiplication problem it was part of.

These sheets cover 1 to 12 with the problems in random order, which matters: reciting a table in sequence is a different and much easier skill than answering 6 × 9 cold. Random order is what tests recall rather than rhythm.

If a particular table is not sticking, the generator will drill it on its own: set one of the two numbers to the same value at both ends, say 7 to 7, and you get 7 × 1 through 7 × 12 shuffled. That is usually more effective than another mixed sheet.

The hundred-problem timed test is for speed once recall is secure, and it checks the turned-around facts too: 31 pairs appear both ways, 4 × 7 as well as 7 × 4, so 62 of its 100 problems have their partner on the same page. For anyone still building recall, fifty is a better sheet.

How many facts are there in the 1 to 12 times tables

There are 144 multiplication facts from 1 × 1 to 12 × 12 when 6 × 9 and 9 × 6 are counted separately, which is how these sheets count them, and 78 once each pair is treated as one fact. Twelve of them are square numbers, from 1 × 1 to 12 × 12, which have no partner. The answers take only 59 different values, because many products can be made more than one way: 12 and 24 each turn up six times in the grid (24 is 2 × 12, 3 × 8, 4 × 6 and the reverse of each) and 36 five times. Learning that 9 × 6 is 6 × 9 turned around cuts the job nearly in half.

The times tables sheets sample those 144 without repeating a fact on the same page. The timed test uses 100 different facts, so 44 are missing from any one copy, and the two 50-problem sheets, everyday and second set, have 14 problems in common. Facts with a 1 in them are included, 23 of the 144, so a sheet can ask 7 × 1 alongside 8 × 7; the timed test here has 17 of them. They take a second each, so a timed score on these sheets runs a little kinder than one on a sheet that leaves the ones out, which is worth remembering when comparing the two.

Why a mixed 1 to 12 times tables sheet is mostly the easier tables

Ninety-five of the 144 facts on a mixed 1 to 12 times tables sheet involve a 1, 2, 5, 10 or 11, the tables with a pattern you can see, so roughly two thirds of any printed copy comes from them. Ones leave the number unchanged, twos are doubles, fives end in 0 or 5, tens end in 0, and elevens repeat the digit as far as 9 × 11. The printed sheets bear this out: 12 of the 20 problems on the warm up, 36 of the 50 on the everyday sheet, 64 of the 100 on the timed test and 31 of the 50 on the second set come from those five tables.

The sixteen facts with both numbers from 6 to 9, from 6 × 6 to 9 × 9, are one in nine of the 144, and the timed test here has 13 of them. To spend a session on those alone, set both numbers to 6 to 9 in the maker. There are only 16 such problems, so a 20-problem sheet has to repeat four of them, and the maker says so before you print; on a sheet built for recall, meeting a hard fact twice is no bad thing. Widening both ranges to 3 to 9 gives 49 facts with no 1, 2, 10, 11 or 12 in them, enough for a 20-problem sheet without repeats.

Common questions

Why are the problems in random order?

So that each fact has to be recalled rather than reached by counting along the table: chanting the sevens gets to 7 × 8 eventually, but a shuffled sheet gives no previous answer to count on from. Each sheet is shuffled on its own, so 6 × 7 comes 30th on the everyday sheet, 18th on the timed test and 10th on the second set.

One table will not stick. What should I do?

Drill it on its own: set the first number to 7 to 7, or whichever table is the problem, and leave the second at 1 to 12. That makes only 12 different problems, so a 20-problem page repeats eight of them and the maker warns you before you print. A mixed sheet gives one table far less: the 7s fill 3 of the 20 warm up problems and 8 of the 50 on the everyday sheet.

Do these times tables sheets include the 11 and 12 times tables?

Yes, both numbers run from 1 to 12, so 44 of the 144 facts involve an 11 or a 12, from 11 × 1 to 12 × 12. To leave them out, set both numbers to 1 to 10 in the maker; that makes exactly 100 facts, and a 100-problem sheet then holds every one of them once.

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